Genetic Heritability, Variability, Genetic Advance, Correlation and Path Analysis Assessment in Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

The objective of the current study was to quantify the genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance as a percentage of mean among 20 genotypes of pea (Pisum sativum L.) using ten quantitative characters at the Horticulture Research Centre (HRC) of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, U.P, in the years 2021–2022. The results of the ANOVA revealed substantial variations across the genotypes for each attribute, demonstrating a broad range of genetic variability. The results showed that for the ten traits under study, the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). According to estimations, the number of pods per plant has the greatest phenotypic diversity (26.63), whereas additive genetic variation is the least (26.47). In this assessment, the highest heritability was found to be around 60% (in the broad sense) found in days to maturity (99.39) followed by plant height (98.98), pod yield per plant (98.95), pod yield (98.89), number of pods per plant (98.80), days to 50% flowering (98.25), length of pod (89.35), days to germination (84.57), seeds per pod (83.91) and the minimum heritability was found in width of pod (73.83). Additionally, high heritability in combination with high additive gene action as a percentage of mean (>20%) Number of Pods per plant, Plant height (cm), Pod yield per plant (g), Days to 50% Flowering, Days to Maturity, and Pod yield (q/ha), which appear to suggest presence of additive gene action and imposes for population improvement by selection. We could use particular genotypes with certain characteristics for hybridization.