Spontaneous Regression of an Oral Manifestation of Plasmablastic Lymphoma: Literature Review and Commentary about the Phenomena

Plasmablastic Lymphoma (PBL) is a hematolymphoid malignant disease that has a predilection for the oral cavity and jaw. The aim of this paper is report a total resolution of oral manifestation of PBL without any oncological treatment; this process is extremely rare and we discuss the mechanism which can occur. We present a case of PBL in left maxilla and oral mucosa in a woman HIV-positive patient. After an incisional biopsy an unusual outcome of spontaneous regression of the disease occurred, we reported the diagnostic process, the management and the follow up of case. We revised the similar cases reported in the literature and we will discuss the hypotheses how the phenomenon can occur. Although the PBLs are aggressive lesions, with questionable prognosis, the spontaneous regression can occur and the patient should be monitored for the risk of metastases and possible recurrence of the disease.