Cumulative live birth rates and birth outcomes after IVF/ICSI treatment cycles in young POSEIDON patients: A real-world study

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the cumulative live birth rates (CLBRs) of young women with or without low prognosis according to the POSEIDON criteria after IVF/ICSI cycles and to investigate whether the diagnosis of low prognosis increases the risk of abnormal birth outcomes.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: A single reproductive medicine center.

Population: From January 2016 to October 2020, there were 17,893 patients (<35 years) involved. After screening, 4,105 women were included in POSEIDON group 1, 1,375 women were included in POSEIDON group 3, and 11,876 women were defined as non-POSEIDON.

Intervention(s): Baseline serum AMH level was measured on the D2–D3 of menstrual cycle before IVF/ICSI treatment.

Main outcome measure(s): Cumulative live birth rate (CLBR), birth outcomes.

Result(s): After four stimulation cycles, the CLBRs in POSEIDON group 1, POSEIDON group 3, and non-POSEIDON group reached 67.9% (95% CI, 66.5%–69.3%), 51.9% (95% CI, 49.2%–54.5%), and 79.6% (95% CI, 78.9%–80.3%), respectively. There was no difference in gestational age, preterm delivery, cesarean delivery, and low birth weight infants between the three groups, but macrosomia was significantly higher in non-POSEIDON group, after adjusting for maternal age and BMI.

Conclusion(s): The POSEIDON group shows lower CLBRs than the non-POSEIDON group in young women, while the risk of abnormal birth outcomes in the POSEIDON group will not increase.